Thermodynamic Analysis of a Dual-loop Organic Rankine Cycle (orc) for Waste Heat Recovery of a Petrol Engine

Huge amount of low-grade heat energy is discharged to the environment by vehicular engines. Considering the large number of vehicles in the world, such waste energy makes great impacts to our environment globally. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), which uses an organic fluid with a low boiling point working medium, is considered as the most promising technology to recover energy from low-grade waste heat. In this study, a dual-loop ORC is presented to simultaneously recover energy from both the exhaust gases and the coolant of a petrol engine. A high-temperature (HT) ORC loop is used to recover heat from the exhaust gases, while a low-temperature (LT) ORC loop is used to recover heat from the coolant and the condensation heat of the HT loop. Figure 1 shows the schematic of the dual-loop ORC. Differing from a previous research, two more environmentally friendly working fluids are used, and the corresponding optimisation is conducted. First, the system structure and operation principle are described. Then, a mathematical model of the designed dual-loop ORC is established. Next, the performance of the dual-loop is analysed over the entire engine operation region. Moreover, the states of each point along the cycle and the heat load of each component are compared with the results of a previous research. The results show that the dual-loop ORC can effectively recover the waste heat from the petrol engine, and that the effective thermal efficiency can be improved by about 20 ~ 24%, 14~20%, and 30% in the high-speed, medium-speed, and low-speed operation regions, respectively. The designed dual-loop ORC can achieve a higher system efficiency than the previous ORC of this structure. Therefore, it is a good choice for waste heat recovery from vehicle engines.